Former Interior Cabinet Secretary Dr. Fred Matiang’i has firmly dismissed claims by Defence Cabinet Secretary Aden Duale that he mismanaged the rollout of the Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC). The exchange has sparked a fresh political debate around one of Kenya’s most transformative and controversial education reforms. The war of words comes as CBC continues to face scrutiny from parents, teachers, and policymakers, with differing opinions on who should bear responsibility for the challenges experienced since its introduction.
The Competency-Based Curriculum was introduced to replace the long-standing 8-4-4 education system, with the aim of nurturing learners’ skills, talents, and competencies rather than focusing solely on examinations. During its early implementation phase, Dr. Matiang’i served as Cabinet Secretary for Education before later moving to the Interior ministry. The reform was widely praised for its vision but also criticised for gaps in infrastructure, teacher preparedness, learning materials, and clarity in implementation. Over time, CBC has become a politically charged subject, especially as the first cohorts progress to higher grades, exposing structural and logistical challenges.
Duale’s Accusations
CS Aden Duale recently accused Matiang’i of mismanaging the CBC rollout, arguing that poor planning and execution during the early stages created long-term problems now facing the education sector. His remarks echoed frustrations expressed by some parents and educators who say the transition was rushed and inadequately supported. Duale’s comments quickly gained traction, reigniting public debate over accountability and decision-making during the curriculum changeover.
Matiang’i’s Response
In response, Matiang’i strongly rejected the accusations, maintaining that the CBC was developed through extensive consultation with education experts, stakeholders, and policymakers. He argued that the curriculum reform followed due process and was implemented in line with existing policy frameworks. The former CS insisted that challenges currently facing CBC should be viewed in the broader context of systemic issues within the education sector, rather than being pinned on one individual or ministry. According to Matiang’i, curriculum reforms of such magnitude inevitably face hurdles and require continuous refinement over time.
Political Undertones
Analysts say the exchange between Matiang’i and Duale reflects deeper political undertones rather than a purely policy-driven disagreement. Education reforms have historically been sensitive issues in Kenya, often intersecting with political rivalries and shifting alliances. Some observers believe the CBC debate is increasingly being used as a political tool, especially as leaders position themselves for future influence and relevance on the national stage.
Public Reaction
Public opinion remains divided. While some parents and teachers sympathise with Duale’s criticism, others agree with Matiang’i that CBC’s challenges stem from long-standing underinvestment in education infrastructure and teacher training. Education experts have also weighed in, cautioning against politicising curriculum reform and instead calling for constructive dialogue focused on improving implementation rather than assigning blame.
What This Means for CBC’s Future
The renewed debate places added pressure on the government to address CBC-related concerns, including learning materials, assessment methods, and school capacity. Stakeholders say the focus should now shift to fine-tuning the system to ensure it delivers on its original promise. Regardless of who is blamed, CBC remains a defining policy shift whose success or failure will shape Kenya’s education outcomes for generations.
Conclusion
Dr. Fred Matiang’i’s dismissal of Aden Duale’s accusations has reopened a national conversation about responsibility, reform, and the politics surrounding CBC. As leaders trade blame, parents, teachers, and learners continue to grapple with the realities of implementing a new education system. Ultimately, the debate underscores the need for accountability, collaboration, and sustained investment to ensure CBC works for all Kenyan learners beyond political disagreements.
