India’s health authorities have issued a warning over the unregulated use of weight-loss drugs, following the entry of cheaper generic versions into the market. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare said it has stepped up inspections and enforcement across the pharmaceutical supply chain to curb misuse. The alert comes shortly after the patent for semaglutide, an active ingredient used in popular drugs like Ozempic and Wegovy, expired in India on March 20. As a global leader in generic medicine production, India is now seeing a surge in low-cost alternatives, which are expected to significantly reduce treatment costs and reshape the global fight against obesity.
Despite the affordability, authorities have cautioned that these drugs must only be taken under medical supervision. The Ministry warned that easy access through pharmacies, online platforms, and wellness clinics could lead to misuse.
According to the statement, unsupervised use of GLP-1 drugs, designed to regulate blood sugar and appetite, can result in serious health risks and adverse side effects. The Drugs Controller General of India has intensified monitoring efforts, including restricting misleading promotions and off-label marketing by manufacturers.
Simon Barquera, president of the World Obesity Federation, emphasized that medication alone is not a solution. He noted that obesity is a complex and chronic condition that requires preventive strategies, including healthier diets and lifestyle changes.
India’s weight-loss drug market has expanded rapidly, growing tenfold over the past five years to reach $153 million in 2026. Projections indicate the market could exceed $500 million by 2030. While World Health Organization data shows India still faces significant undernutrition challenges, increasing incomes and urban lifestyles have contributed to rising obesity rates. Government figures released last year indicate that 24% of women and 23% of men in India are either overweight or obese.
Previously, monthly treatments cost between 15,000 and 22,000 rupees ($161–$236), limiting access for many. However, with generic versions now available, prices have dropped significantly to between 1,300 and 4,200 rupees ($15–$45) per month. While the availability of affordable weight-loss drugs marks a major shift in healthcare access, Indian authorities are urging caution. Proper medical guidance, regulation, and public awareness will be key to ensuring safe and effective use.
